Guides › Energy and Water Bills › Which Ombudsman Covers My Complaint?
Which Ombudsman Covers My Complaint?
Most ombudsman and ADR schemes are free for you and need you to complain to the business first. Energy goes to the Energy Ombudsman after 8 weeks; broadband and phone to CISAS or the Communications Ombudsman after six weeks; trains to the Rail Ombudsman after 40 working days; banks, insurers and lenders to the Financial Ombudsman; water to the Consumer Council for Water; and accredited garages to The Motor Ombudsman.
At a Glance
Your Rights
What the rules say, with a link to the official source for each.
Energy, Water and Phone
The Energy Ombudsman
If your energy complaint is not resolved within 8 weeks, or you get a deadlock letter, you can take it to the Energy Ombudsman. It is free and impartial. source
Consumer Council for Water
You can take your complaint to the Consumer Council for Water (CCW), which is free, once you have a final response (written or spoken) or eight weeks have passed since you first complained. Include evidence such as emails, bills or call notes. source
Free Dispute Resolution
If your complaint is not resolved, you can use a free alternative dispute resolution (ADR) scheme once six weeks have passed since your initial complaint, or earlier if you receive a deadlock letter. The two schemes are the Communications and Internet Services Adjudication Scheme (CISAS) and the Communications Ombudsman. All providers must belong to one. source
Trains and Cars
The Rail Ombudsman
If you are unhappy with how the train company handled your complaint, the Rail Ombudsman is free and independent. Allow the company 40 working days to resolve your complaint, or until it sends a final response (a deadlock letter) if that comes sooner. source
The Motor Ombudsman
You can complain to The Motor Ombudsman only if the garage is signed up to its Service and Repair and/or Vehicle Sales Codes. Check with its Business Finder. Complain to the garage first and give it up to eight weeks to give a final answer. source
Banks, Insurers and Lenders
Complaining to the Ombudsman
If your bank refuses or you are unhappy with how it handled a scam, you can complain to the bank and then to the Financial Ombudsman Service, which is free. Its compensation limit is 430,000 pounds, and it can look at cases where losses are over 85,000 pounds. source
6 Months to Go to the Ombudsman
You have 6 months from the date on the final response to refer your complaint to the Ombudsman. After that it usually cannot help, unless exceptional circumstances (such as serious ill health or bereavement) stopped you, the insurer did not send a valid final response, or the insurer agrees. source
Time Limits to Know
Miss a deadline and you can lose a right. Check the dates on your own paperwork.
- 8 weeksEnergy complaint to the Energy OmbudsmanAfter 8 weeks with no resolution, or on receiving a deadlock letter
- 6 weeksWait before going to a free ADR schemeSix weeks from your complaint, or earlier with a deadlock letter
- 40 working daysWait before going to the Rail Ombudsman40 working days from your complaint, or until the company sends a final response (deadlock letter)
- 8 weeksGarage's final answer on a complaintUp to 8 weeks, before going to The Motor Ombudsman
- 8 weeksWater complaint to the Consumer Council for WaterAfter a final response, or 8 weeks from your first complaint
Steps to Take
Step 1 of 4
Complain to the business in writing first and note the date.
Step 2 of 4
Wait for its final response, or for the scheme's waiting time to pass.
Step 3 of 4
Find the right scheme from the list on this page. Your final response letter should name it.
Step 4 of 4
Send the scheme your complaint, the business's reply and your evidence.
(Tap the numbers to reveal steps)
Where to Go If It Is Not Put Right
Your options, in order, and when each one applies.
Energy Ombudsman
After 8 weeks with no resolution, or when you get a deadlock letter.
CISAS or the Communications Ombudsman (ADR)
Six weeks after your complaint, or when you receive a deadlock letter. Free for you. Your provider will say which scheme it belongs to.
Rail Ombudsman
After 40 working days, or once you have a final response (deadlock letter), if the train company is a member of the scheme.
The Motor Ombudsman
If the garage is accredited, after its final response or 8 weeks.
Financial Ombudsman Service
After 8 weeks with no final response, or if you are unhappy with it. Refer within 6 months of the final response.
Consumer Council for Water
After a final response, or 8 weeks after your first complaint.
Good to Know
Small things that make your complaint stronger.
A deadlock letter (final response) usually lets you go to the scheme before the waiting time ends.
Want Help?
If you would like one of our team to look at your problem, our initial case review is free. We cannot guarantee any outcome and we do not give legal advice.

Lead reviewer
Luke Marley
Founder and Lead Reviewer
Luke founded CPUK in 2026 after seeing how hard it is for ordinary people to get problems with companies put right. He oversees our guides and checks them against official sources.
Research by Katie Burt, Co-founder and Operations Lead (17 years in the care sector, including managing services for vulnerable adults), and the CPUK Research Team. Researched with AI-assisted research tools, then checked and corrected by our team.
Last checked: 13 October 2026. We are not paid by the companies we write about. Adverts never affect our guidance. Read our editorial policy.
Sources and official links
- energyombudsman.org/advice-for-consumers/what-is-back-billing Checked 12 October 2026
- ccw.org.uk/advice-and-support/make-a-complaint Checked 12 October 2026
- ofcom.org.uk/complaints/complain-about-phones-or-internet-services/contracts Checked 12 October 2026
- railombudsman.org Checked 12 October 2026
- themotorombudsman.org/consumers/make-a-complaint Checked 12 October 2026
- psr.org.uk/information-for-consumers/app-fraud-reimbursement-protections Checked 13 October 2026
- financial-ombudsman.org.uk/consumers/complaints-can-help/expect/time-limits Checked 12 October 2026